Ayi izi sizikhala zotopetsa, moona mtima makamaka ngati mumakonda zinthu zamphira zotambasuka. Mukawerengabe, mupeza pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe mumafuna kudziwa za One-Part Silicone Sealants.
1) Zomwe iwo ali
2) Momwe mungawapangire
3) Komwe mungagwiritse ntchito
Mawu Oyamba
Kodi gawo limodzi la silicone sealant ndi chiyani?
Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma sealants ochiritsira mankhwala-Silicone, Polyurethane ndi Polysulfide omwe amadziwika kwambiri. Dzinali limachokera ku msana wa mamolekyu omwe akukhudzidwa.
Silicone msana ndi:
Si - O - Si - O - Si - O - Si
Silicone yosinthidwa ndiukadaulo watsopano (ku US osachepera) ndipo kwenikweni amatanthauza msana wachilengedwe wochiritsidwa ndi chemistry ya silane. Chitsanzo ndi alkoxysilane terminated polypropylene oxide.
Ma chemistry onsewa amatha kukhala gawo limodzi kapena magawo awiri omwe mwachiwonekere amagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe mukufunikira kuti chinthucho chichiritsidwe. Chifukwa chake, gawo limodzi limangotanthauza tsegulani chubu, katiriji kapena pail ndipo zinthu zanu zidzachiritsa. Nthawi zambiri, kachitidwe ka gawo limodzi kameneka kamachita ndi chinyezi chamumlengalenga kukhala mphira.
Choncho, silikoni ya gawo limodzi ndi dongosolo lomwe limakhala lokhazikika mu chubu mpaka, poyang'ana mpweya, limachiritsa kupanga mphira wa silikoni.
Ubwino wake
Mbali imodzi ya silicones ili ndi ubwino wambiri wapadera.
-Akaphatikizidwa bwino amakhala okhazikika komanso odalirika okhala ndi zomatira komanso zakuthupi. Nthawi ya alumali (nthawi yomwe mungaisiye mu chubu musanagwiritse ntchito) yosachepera chaka chimodzi ndi yachilendo ndipo makonzedwe ena amakhala kwa zaka zambiri. Silicones amakhalanso ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali. Maonekedwe awo sasintha pakapita nthawi popanda kukhudzidwa ndi mawonekedwe a UV ndipo, kuphatikiza apo, amawonetsa kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri kuposa ma sealant ena osachepera 50 ℃.
- Gawo limodzi la silicones limachiritsa mwachangu, nthawi zambiri limapanga khungu mkati mwa mphindi 5 mpaka 10, limakhala laulere mkati mwa ola limodzi ndikuchiritsa mphira wotanuka pafupifupi 1/10 inchi yakuzama pasanathe tsiku. Pamwambapa pali mawonekedwe abwino a raba.
-Popeza amatha kupangidwa kukhala owoneka bwino omwe ndi chinthu chofunikira pawokha (mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri), ndizosavuta kuwapaka utoto uliwonse.
Zolepheretsa
Ma silicones ali ndi malire akulu awiri.
1) Sangapentidwe ndi utoto wamadzi - zitha kukhala zovuta ndi utoto wosungunulira.
2) Pambuyo pochiritsa, chosindikiziracho chimatha kutulutsa ena mwa silicone plasticizer yomwe, ikagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizira nyumba, imatha kupanga madontho osawoneka bwino m'mphepete mwa cholumikizira.
Zoonadi, chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha kukhala gawo limodzi ndizosatheka kupeza gawo lakuya mofulumira kupyolera mu machiritso chifukwa dongosolo liyenera kuchitapo kanthu ndi mpweya kotero kuchiritsa kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi. Kuzindikira pang'ono, ma silicones sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chisindikizo chokha m'mawindo agalasi otsekedwa chifukwa. Ngakhale ndiabwino kwambiri pakusunga madzi ambiri amadzimadzi, mpweya wamadzi umadutsa mosavuta mumphira wochiritsidwa wa silikoni ndikupangitsa kuti ma IG achite chifunga.
Madera a Msika ndi Ntchito
Ma silicones a gawo limodzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi kulikonse komanso kulikonse, kuphatikizapo, kukhumudwa kwa eni nyumba ena, kumene zofooka ziwiri zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zimayambitsa mavuto.
Misika yomanga ndi ya DIY imakhala yayikulu kwambiri yotsatiridwa ndi magalimoto, mafakitale, zamagetsi ndi zakuthambo. Monga zosindikizira zonse, gawo limodzi la silikoni ntchito yayikulu ndikumatira ndikudzaza kusiyana pakati pa magawo awiri ofanana kapena osagwirizana kuti madzi asalowe. Nthawi zina mawonekedwe sangasinthidwe kupatula kuti apangitse kuti aziyenda bwino ndipo kenako amakhala zokutira. Njira yabwino yosiyanitsira pakati pa zokutira, zomatira ndi sealant ndi zophweka. Chosindikizira chimamata pakati pa zinthu ziwiri pomwe chomatirira chimaphimba ndikuteteza chimodzi chokha pomwe zomatira zimasunga kwambiri mbali ziwiri. Chosindikizira chimakhala ngati zomatira zikagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga glazing kapena glazing, komabe, zimagwirabe ntchito kusindikiza zigawo ziwirizi kuphatikiza kuzisunga pamodzi.
Basic Chemistry
Silicone sealant yomwe sinachiritsidwe nthawi zambiri imawoneka ngati phala lakuda kapena zonona. Pa kukhudzana ndi mpweya, zotakasuka mapeto magulu a silikoni polima hydrolyze (kuchita ndi madzi) ndiyeno kugwirizana wina ndi mzake, kumasula madzi ndi kupanga maunyolo a polima aatali omwe akupitiriza kukhudzana wina ndi mzake mpaka pamapeto pake phala lisandulika kukhala mphira wochititsa chidwi. Gulu logwira ntchito kumapeto kwa silicone polima limachokera ku gawo lofunika kwambiri la mapangidwe (kupatulapo polima lokha) lomwe ndilo crosslinker. Ndi crosslinker yomwe imapatsa chosindikizira mawonekedwe ake mwachindunji monga fungo ndi kuchuluka kwa machiritso, kapena mwanjira ina monga mtundu, zomatira, etc. . Kusankha crosslinker yoyenera ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe zomaliza za sealant.
Kuchiritsa Mitundu
Pali njira zingapo zochiritsira.
1) Acetoxy (fungo la vinyo wosasa)
2) Oxime
3) Alkoxy
4) Benzamide
5) Amani
6) Aminoxy
Oximes, alkoxies ndi benzamides (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Europe) ndizomwe zimatchedwa machitidwe osalowerera kapena osakhala acidic. Makina a amines ndi aminoxy ali ndi fungo la ammonia ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo amagalimoto ndi mafakitale kapena ntchito zina zomanga panja.
Zida zogwiritsira ntchito
Zopangira zimakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zosiyanasiyana, zina mwazosankha, kutengera zomwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito.
Zida zokhazo zofunika kwambiri ndi polima komanso crosslinker. Komabe, zodzaza, zolimbikitsa zomatira, ma polima osakhazikika (opanga pulasitiki) ndi zothandizira nthawi zambiri zimawonjezeredwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zowonjezera zina zambiri zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga phala lamtundu, fungicides, retardants lamoto, ndi zowongolera kutentha.
Basic Formulations
Mapangidwe amtundu wa oxime kapena mapangidwe a DIY sealant adzawoneka motere:
| % | ||
| Polydimethylsiloxane, OH inathetsedwa 50,000cps | 65.9 | Polima |
| Polydimethylsiloxane, trimethylterminated, 1000cps | 20 | Plasticizer |
| Methyltrioximinosilane | 5 | Crosslinker |
| Aminopropyltriethoxysilane | 1 | Wothandizira adhesion |
| 150 sq.m/g pamwamba m'dera fumed silika | 8 | Wodzaza |
| Dibutyltin imachepetsa | 0.1 | Chothandizira |
| Zonse | 100 |
Zakuthupi
Zodziwika bwino zakuthupi zimaphatikizapo:
| Kutalikira (%) | 550 |
| Mphamvu ya Tensile (MPa) | 1.9 |
| Modulus pa 100 Elongation (MPa) | 0.4 |
| Shore A Kuuma | 22 |
| Khungu Pakapita Nthawi (mphindi) | 10 |
| Nthawi Yaulere (mphindi) | 60 |
| Nthawi Yoyamba (mphindi) | 120 |
| Kupyolera mu Chithandizo (mm mu maola 24) | 2 |
Mapangidwe ogwiritsira ntchito ma crosslinkers ena adzawoneka ofanana mwina amasiyana mulingo wa crosslinker, mtundu wa zolimbikitsira zomata komanso zochiritsira zochiritsa. Maonekedwe awo amasiyana pang'ono pokhapokha ngati ma chain extenders akukhudzidwa. Makina ena sangapangidwe mosavuta pokhapokha ngati choko chochulukira chikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mitundu yamitundu iyi mwachiwonekere singapangidwe momveka bwino kapena mowoneka bwino.
Kupanga Zosindikizira
Pali magawo atatu opangira chosindikizira chatsopano.
1) Lingaliro, kupanga ndi kuyesa mu labu-yochepa kwambiri
Apa, katswiri wa zamankhwala wa labu ali ndi malingaliro atsopano ndipo nthawi zambiri amayamba ndi gulu lamanja la pafupifupi magalamu 100 a sealant kuti angowona momwe amachiritsira komanso mtundu wa mphira umapangidwa. Tsopano pali makina atsopano omwe alipo "The Hauschild Speed Mix" kuchokera ku FlackTek Inc. Makina apaderawa ndi abwino kusakaniza magulu ang'onoang'ono a 100g mumasekondi pamene akutulutsa mpweya. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa tsopano zimalola wopanga mapulogalamu kuyesa zenizeni zamagulu ang'onoang'ono awa. Silika yamoto kapena zodzaza zina monga choko chamvula zimatha kusakanikirana ndi silikoni pafupifupi 8 masekondi. Kuchotsa mpweya kumatenga pafupifupi masekondi 20-25. Makinawa amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira yapawiri ya asymmetric centrifuge yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito tinthu tokha ngati manja awo osakanikirana. Kukula kwakukulu kosakaniza ndi magalamu 100 ndipo mitundu ingapo ya makapu ilipo kuphatikiza yotaya, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe kuyeretsa.
Chofunika kwambiri pakupanga sizinthu zokhazokha, komanso dongosolo la kuwonjezera ndi nthawi zosakaniza. Mwachibadwa kuchotsedwa kapena kuchotsedwa kwa mpweya n'kofunika kulola kuti mankhwalawa azikhala ndi alumali, chifukwa mavuvu a mpweya amakhala ndi chinyezi chomwe chidzachititsa kuti chisindikizo chichiritse mkati.
Katswiri wa zamankhwala akapeza mtundu wa zosindikizira zomwe zimafunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito masikelo mpaka 1 quart planetary mixer yomwe imatha kupanga machubu ang'onoang'ono 3-4 a 110 ml (3oz). Izi ndizokwanira pakuyesa moyo wa alumali ndi kuyesa kumamatira kuphatikiza zofunikira zina zilizonse zapadera.
Kenako amatha kupita ku makina a galoni 1 kapena 2 kuti apange machubu a 8-12 10 oz kuti ayesetse mozama komanso kuyesa kwamakasitomala. Chosindikiziracho chimatulutsidwa kuchokera mumphika kudzera mu silinda yachitsulo kulowa mu katiriji yomwe imakwanira pa silinda yolongedza. Kutsatira mayesowa, ali wokonzeka kukwera.
2) Kukweza ndi kukonza bwino-mavoliyumu apakatikati
Pakukula, mawonekedwe a labu tsopano amapangidwa pamakina okulirapo omwe amakhala pakati pa 100-200kg kapena pafupifupi ng'oma. Gawoli lili ndi zolinga ziwiri
a) kuti muwone ngati pali kusintha kwakukulu pakati pa kukula kwa 4 lb ndi kukula kwakukulu kumeneku komwe kungabwere chifukwa cha kusakaniza ndi kubalalitsidwa, kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimachitika ndi kuchuluka kosiyana kwa kusakaniza, ndi
b) kupanga zinthu zokwanira kuyesa makasitomala omwe akuyembekezeka komanso kubweza zenizeni zapantchito.
Makinawa a galoni 50 ndiwothandizanso kwambiri pazinthu zamafakitale pomwe ma voliyumu otsika kapena mitundu yapadera ikufunika ndipo ng'oma imodzi yokha yamtundu uliwonse iyenera kupangidwa nthawi imodzi.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya makina osakaniza. Awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi osakaniza mapulaneti (monga momwe tawonetsera pamwambapa) ndi ofalitsa othamanga kwambiri. Mapulaneti ndi abwino kusakanikirana kwa kukhuthala kwapamwamba pomwe chobalalitsira chimagwira ntchito bwino makamaka pamakina otsika owoneka bwino. Pazitsulo zomangira zomangira, makina aliwonse amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito bola ngati wina amayang'anitsitsa nthawi yosakaniza komanso kutulutsa kutentha kwa chotulutsa chothamanga kwambiri.
3) Kuchuluka kwazinthu zopanga
Kupanga komaliza, komwe kungakhale batchi kapena mosalekeza, mwachiyembekezo kumangopanganso kamangidwe komaliza kuchokera pa sitepe yokwera. Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zocheperako (mabatchi awiri kapena atatu kapena maora 1-2 osalekeza) amapangidwa poyamba pazida zopangira ndikuwunikiridwa kusanachitike.
Kuyesa -Zomwe Mungayesere ndi Momwe Mungayesere.
Chani
Katundu Wathupi-Kutalikirana, Kulimba Kwamphamvu ndi Modulus
Kumamatira ku gawo lapansi loyenera
Alumali Moyo-onse inapita patsogolo ndi kutentha firiji
Chiritsani Mitengo-Khungu pakapita nthawi, Tack nthawi yaulere, Kukatula nthawi ndi Kuchiritsa, Mitundu Kutentha Kukhazikika kapena kukhazikika kwamadzimadzi osiyanasiyana monga mafuta.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zina zofunika zimafufuzidwa kapena kuwonedwa: kusasinthika, kununkhira kochepa, kuwononga komanso mawonekedwe onse.
Bwanji
Pepala la sealant limatulutsidwa ndikusiyidwa kuti lichiritsidwe kwa sabata. Belu lapadera losayankhula limadulidwa ndikuyikidwa mu Tensile Tester kuti ayeze zinthu zakuthupi monga elongation, modulus ndi mphamvu zolimba. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyeza mphamvu zomata / kulumikizana pazitsanzo zokonzedwa mwapadera. Mayeso osavuta a inde-ayi amachitidwa pokoka mikanda yazinthu zochiritsidwa pagawo lomwe likufunsidwa.
Mphepete mwa nyanja-A mita imayesa kuuma kwa mphira. Chipangizochi chimawoneka ngati cholemera komanso choyezera chomwe chili ndi mfundo yomwe ikukankhira mu chitsanzo chochiritsidwa. Pamene mfundo ikulowa mu rabala, mphira imakhala yofewa komanso yotsika mtengo. Chosindikizira chokhazikika chomangirira chizikhala mumtundu wa 15-35.
Khungu pakapita nthawi, nthawi zaulere ndi miyeso ina yapadera yapakhungu imachitidwa ndi chala kapena ndi mapepala apulasitiki okhala ndi zolemera. Nthawi yoti pulasitiki isachotsedwe bwino imayesedwa.
Kwa alumali moyo, machubu a sealant amakalamba mwina kutentha kwa firiji (komwe mwachibadwa kumatenga chaka chimodzi kutsimikizira alumali moyo wa chaka chimodzi) kapena pa kutentha kwapamwamba, 50 ℃ kwa masabata 1,3,5,7 ndi zina zotero. ndondomeko (chubu chololedwa kuziziritsa mu nkhani yofulumira), zinthu zimachotsedwa mu chubu ndikukokedwa mu pepala kumene zimaloledwa kuchiza. Zakuthupi za mphira wopangidwa m'mapepalawa amayesedwa monga kale. Zinthuzi zimafaniziridwa ndi zida zomwe zangowonjezeredwa kuti zidziwe nthawi yoyenera ya alumali.
Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane kwa mayeso ambiri ofunikira kungapezeke m'buku la ASTM.
Malangizo Ena Omaliza
Ma silicones a gawo limodzi ndiye zosindikizira zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zilipo. Iwo ali ndi malire ndipo ngati zofunikira zina zifunidwa akhoza kupangidwa mwapadera.
Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti zopangira zonse zimakhala zouma momwe zingathere, mapangidwe ake ndi okhazikika komanso kuti mpweya umachotsedwa popanga.
Kupanga ndi kuyesa kwenikweni ndi njira yofananira ndi gawo lililonse losindikiza mosasamala mtundu-onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana malo aliwonse omwe mungathe musanayambe kupanga kuchuluka kwa kupanga komanso kuti mumamvetsetsa bwino zosowa za pulogalamuyo.
Kutengera ndi zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito, mankhwala ochiritsira olondola amatha kusankhidwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati silikoni yasankhidwa ndi fungo, dzimbiri ndi kumamatira sizimaonedwa kuti ndizofunikira koma mtengo wochepa umafunika, ndiye kuti acetoxy ndiyo njira yopitira. Komabe, ngati mbali zachitsulo zomwe zingawonongeke zikukhudzidwa kapena kumamatira kwapadera kwa pulasitiki kumafunika mumtundu wapadera wonyezimira ndiye muyenera oxime.
[1] Dale Flackett. Silicon Compounds: Silanes ndi Silicones [M]. Gelest Inc: 433-439
* Chithunzi chochokera ku OLIVIA Silicone Sealant
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-31-2024
